Ethnopharmacological relevance: Capparis decidua (Forsk.) Edgew (Capparidaceae) is well known for curing a variety of ailments such as toothache, cough, asthma, intermittent fever and rheumatism.Aim of the study: The present study was to evaluate antidiabetic activity of aqueous & ethanolic extract of Capparis decidua stem in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.Materials and methods: Albino rats were rendered diabetic by alloxan (150 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). The aqueous & ethanolic extracts were orally administered to diabetic rats at 250 and 500 mg/kg doses daily for 21 days to determine antidiabetic activity. Results: The fasting blood glucose level decreases by 58.5, 83.6 % (aqueous extract) and 60.2, 98.51 (ethanolic extract) after 21st day in diabetic rats treated with a different doses of 250 mg and 500 mg/kg body weight respectively.Conclusion: In conclusion, the present study using biochemical assays pertaining to blood glucose level of different animal models reveals that aqueous and ethanolic extract of stem has significant hypoglycemic and antidiabetic potential.