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Abstract

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a buildup of plaques causing blockage inside the arteries of the legs which is characterized by either partial or complete obstruction of the arteries of the lower limb, it is one of the common manifestations of atherosclerosis. Various factors such as smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, and increased cholesterol levels contribute in developing PAD. It has been postulated that PAD is strongly associated with increased serum lipid levels  and inflammatory status , which increases a high risk of cardiovascular disease among these patients. A non-invasive procedure for screening PAD or measuring the disease severity is done using ankle-brachial index (ABI). ABI value <0.9 indicates PAD . An increased omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) intake has been shown to reduce mortality and complications in PAD patients. The cardiac benefits of n-3 PUFAs are attributed to its antiarrhythmic properties; however, it also has some of the additional effect that generally contributes its cardiovascular action . Due to its inflammation resolution phase, it can be used in PAD . Hence, the beneficial effects of n-omega-3 fatty acid for patients with PAD are the focus of this review. If the n-3 PUFA is associated with circulating markers of inflammation, lipid levels, and ABI in patients with PAD, then, a better understanding of this relationship could help guide future treatment of these patients (i.e., nutritional recommendations or supplementation) in an effort to lower disease severity and improve their vascular function.

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	JPR Solutions

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